The device of the samovar
The body was also decorated with ornamentation of elegant small curls, decorated with images of flower garlands, overlays of leaves and mascarons (masks), belts of vegetable or geometric ornament. Favorite decorative elements - palmettes, acanthus - can be seen on many samovars of the first Tula factory of Lisitsyns - a factory of samovars. The use of forms of antique amphora, a clear linear contour of the body, exquisite lines of loop-like, elongated handles, noble simplicity of false ornaments put such samovars in a series of beautiful examples of decorative and applied art. At the turn of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, samovars, bound by a form with well-established samples of household items made of copper and wood, are becoming fashionable again. These are four-, six- and octagonal samovars, samovars in the form of a keg, samovars with removable legs, so-called "road". The body of the samovar of this form, necessarily with relief annular projections imitating hoops, was located in a horizontal position; The crane was often made in the form of a fish figurine; Handles, as a rule, are hanging, on hinges - the whole overall appearance resembled a barrel on a high pallet with legs. Samovars early XIX century. Are distinguished by an unusual form (samovar - "barrel", samovar "kitchen" in the form of an Old Russian fraternity, samovar road "Teremok"). Samovars of this form were very popular among the officers of the Russian army, with the train of which they later fell into the conquered Paris. It was then that many residents of central European countries were able to get acquainted with the Russian samovar, marveling at the simplicity of its design and ease of use. Samovars of similar forms were manufactured in Tula at the Nazar Lisitsin factory, in the 1810s and 1820s - at a varnishing factory in St. Petersburg and elsewhere in samovar plants. At the beginning of the XIX century, the demand for samovars was already so great that, in addition to the pre-existing centers - the Urals, Tula, Moscow, - new factories and workshops were established in other cities. Manufacture of samovars were also engaged in workshops for the production of gold and silver products. During these years, the Empire models of samovars are reproduced, for which the nobility of lines and elegance of decoration are characteristic. For this period it is characteristic not only an amazing variety of forms (empire vases, barrels, columns with flutes), but also a well-known differentiation of samovars according to their purpose. In addition to the usual samovars, samovars-coffee pots, road samovars, bullets designed to preserve the water temperature were made. The last stage of the development of classicism - empire (from the French empire "empire") - was formed in the first third of the XIX century. Russian Empire, reflecting the national upsurge of the Patriotic War of 1812, was imbued with ideas of patriotic pride and military glory. For him was characterized by a combination of solemn elevation of the image, geometric regular forms and grandeur of decor.